BEHAVIOR OF OBSTRUCTED SQUARE BUOYANT VERTICAL JETS IN STATIC AMBIENT （Ⅰ）—— VERIFICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL AND NUMERICAL METHOD

Some experiments were made for the buoyant jet from a square orifice with a square disc placed on it in static ambient and concentration along the axis in self-similar area behind disc was measured. And at the same time a three-dimensional mathematical model was established to simulate the whole flowing under different conditions. All the results predicted by the numerical calculation were substantiated by the experiments. The results were compared with experiential formula for obstructed round buoyant vertical jets in static ambient and it was found that the two concentration distributions had good accordance. Star shape of temperature isolines on cross-sections in the near areas from the disc was found and it was a very special figure for obstructed square buoyant vertical jets with a square disc. The shape will transform to concentric circles gradually alike to the round buoyant vertical jet in self-similar area with increasing of the distance from the disc.     

Theoretical identification of forces resisting longitudinal movement of drillstrings in curved wells

The equations of balance of external and internal forces acting on a drillstring in a curved well are set up based on the formulations of direct and inverse problems in the mechanics of flexible curvilinear rods. The lowering, lifting, and rotation of a drillstring are studied. A method is proposed to calculate the internal longitudinal force, the forces of interaction between the drillstring and the well wall, and the forces of friction. An example is considered. It is shown that even small geometrical imperfections of the well path have a significant effect on the balance of external and internal forces __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 43, No. 11, pp. 80–89, November 2007.     

周边嵌入弹性圆薄板非线性自由振动直接摄动解法

采用弹性圆薄板中心无量纲振幅和板厚与半径的比值为参数。将挠度、应力函数对半径的导数以及自由振动频率展开为双参数的幂级数。用直接摄动法获得各级递推线性偏微分方程。应用变分法求得各级递推方程的近似解，从而给出弹性圆薄板非线性自由振动频率的基本公式。     

Direct Numerical Simulation of Statistically Stationary One- and Two-Phase Turbulent Combustion: A Turbulent Injection Procedure

A new turbulent injection procedure dedicated to fully compressible direct numerical simulation (DNS) or large eddy simulation (LES) solvers is proposed. To avoid the appearance of spurious acoustic waves, this method is based on an accurate tracking of the turbulent structures crossing the boundary at the inlet of the domain. A finite difference DNS solver has been coupled with a spectral simulation in which a statistically stationary homogeneous turbulence evolves to provide fluctuating boundary conditions.A new turbulence forcing method, dedicated to spectral solvers, has been developed as well to control the major properties of the injected flow (turbulent kinetic energy, dissipation rate and integral length scale). One-dimensional Navier–Stokes characteristic boundary conditions extended to non-stationary flows are coupled with the injection procedure to evaluate is potential in four various configurations: spatially decaying turbulence, dispersion of vaporizing sprays, propagation of one- and two-phase V-shape turbulent flames.     

A Three‐Factor Product Construction for Mutually Orthogonal Latin Squares

It is well known that mutually orthogonal latin squares, or MOLS, admit a (Kronecker) product construction. We show that, under mild conditions, “triple products” of MOLS can result in a gain of one square. In terms of transversal designs, the technique is to use a construction of Rolf Rees twice: once to obtain a coarse resolution of the blocks after one product, and next to reorganize classes and resolve the blocks of the second product. As consequences, we report a few improvements to the MOLS table and obtain a slight strengthening of the famous theorem of MacNeish.     

噪声情况下的量子网络直接通信

提出和研究了噪声情况下的量子网络直接通信. 通信过程中所有量子节点共享多粒子Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ)量子纠缠态; 发送节点将手中共享的GHZ态的粒子作为控制比特、传输秘密信息的粒子作为目标比特, 应用控制非门(CNOT)操作; 每个接收节点将手中共享GHZ 态的粒子作为控制比特、接收到的秘密信息粒子作为目标比特, 再次应用CNOT门操作从而获得含误码的秘密信息. 每个接收节点从秘密信息中提取部分作为检测比特串, 并将剩余的秘密信息应用奇偶校验矩阵纠正其中存在的比特翻转错误, 所有接收节点获得纠正后的秘密信息. 对协议安全、吞吐效率、通信效率等进行了分析和讨论.     

Progress in Developments of Inorganic Nanocatalysts for Application in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Significant progress has been made in the last few years toward synthesizing highly dispersible inorganic catalysts for application in the electrodes of direct methanol fuel cells. In addition, research toward achieving an efficient catalyst supporting matrix has also attracted much attention in recent years. Carbon black- (Vulcan XC-72) supported Platinum and Platinum-Ruthenium catalysts have for long served as the conventional choice as the cathode and the anode catalyst materials, respectively. Oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode and methanol oxidation reaction at the anode occur simultaneously during the operation of a direct methanol fuel cell. However, inefficiencies in these reactions result in a generation of mixed potential. This, in turn, gives rise to reduced cell voltage, increased oxygen stoichiometric ratio, and generation of additional water that is responsible for water flooding in the cathode chamber. In addition, the lack of long-term stability of Pt-Ru anode catalyst, coupled with the tendency of Ru to cross through the polymer electrolyte membrane and eventually get deposited on the cathode, is also a serious drawback. Another source of potential concern is the fact that the natural resource of Pt and the rare earth metal Ru is very limited, and has been predicted to become exhausted very soon. To overcome these problems, new catalyst systems with high methanol tolerance and higher catalytic activity than Pt need to be developed. In addition, the catalyst-supporting matrix is also witnessing a change from traditionally used carbon powder to transition metal carbides and other high-performance materials. This article surveys the recent literature based on the advancements made in the field of highly dispersible inorganic catalysts for application in direct methanol fuel cells, as well as the progress made in the area of catalyst-supporting matrices.     

直接测距型激光主动成像系统发展现状

对直接测距型激光主动成像系统进行了深入研究。按照工作方式分类介绍了国外相关研究机构激光主动成像系统的工作原理及系统参数, 归纳总结并比较分析了各工作方式的优缺点。分析认为:基于单点或小面阵探测器配合光机扫描方案可实现较远作用距离, 但其对激光器重频要求较高, 后续数据处理复杂, 且系统体积、功耗较大;而基于Flash探测器的激光主动成像系统易于实现小型化, 对激光器重频要求较低。作用距离受限问题可通过电子扫描得以有效解决。在具体应用时, 需根据实际需求, 综合考虑系统体积、质量、功耗、激光器输出峰值功率及脉冲重复频率、所能获取的探测器类型、后续数据处理能力等多种因素折衷选取。     

热结构稳态响应的耦合灵敏度分析方法

研究结构稳态热变形和热应力的灵敏度分析方法，给出了直接法和伴随法两种算法。考虑了温度场的耦合作用，在直接法中需要计算温度场对设计变量的导数，在伴随法中需要计算热载荷对温度场的导数。对尺寸和形状两类设计变量的灵敏度分析算例，验证了本文方法的精度。伴随法在应用程序中的实现，为大型结构优化提供了高效率的灵敏度计算方法。     

大型结构分析程序系统单元库更新

阐述了大型结构分析程序系统单元库更新的概念及其意义，报告了装入ＡＰ－１程序系统单元库的精化四节点及八节点平面等参元的情况，给出了更新前、后单元通过考题库测试的结果及与其它程序系统结果的比较。数值结果表明通过更新单元来提高程序系统的分析精度与计算效率从而增强其竞争力是可行的。